![]() The high content of the oil in the seeds can be attributed to the warm climate conditions, but temperatures over 38☌ can lead to poor seed setting. It grows well from the wet tropics to the subtropical dry regions with an optimum temperature of 20☌–25☌. and other developed countries to pursue castor plantation.Ĭastor plant grows optimally in tropical summer rainfall areas. It also requires a labor-intensive harvesting process, which makes it almost impossible for the U.S. The plant also contains a toxic protein known as ricin, providing a challenge from being produced in the U.S. Climate adaptability is one of the challenges restricting castor plantation in the U.S. There are various challenges that make castor crop cultivation difficult to pursue. In general, the current rate of castor oil production is not considered sufficient to meet the anticipated increase in demand. 9, 10 On average, worldwide consumption of castor oil increased at a rate of 7.32 thousand tons per year. 9 Even though castor oil accounts for only 0.15% of the world production of vegetable oils, worldwide consumption of this commodity has increased more than 50% during the past 25 years, rising from approximately 400,000 tons in 1985 to 610,000 tons in 2010. ![]() The oil produced from this crop is considered to be of importance to the global specialty chemical industry because it is the only commercial source of a hydroxylated fatty acid. 8Ĭastor is one of the oldest cultivated crops however, it contributes to only 0.15% of the vegetable oil produced in the world. 7 The economic success of castor crops in Gujarat in the 1980s and thereafter can be attributed to a combination of a good breeding program, a good extension model, coupled with access to well-developed national and international markets. Specifically, the regions of Mehsana, Banaskantha, and Saurashtra/Kutch in Gujarat and the districts of Nalgonda and Mahboobnagar of Andhra Pradesh are the major areas of castor oil production in India. Approximately 86% of castor seed production in India is concentrated in Gujarat, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan. Castor oil production in this country usually fluctuates between 250,000 and 350,000 tons per year. India is known as the world leader in castor seed and oil production and leads the international castor oil trade. 4 India is a net exporter of castor oil, accounting for over 90% of castor oil exports, while the United States, European Union, and China are the major importers, accounting for 84% of imported castor oil. This oil is known to have been domesticated in Eastern Africa and was introduced to China from India approximately 1,400 years ago. ![]() 3, 4 Major castor oil-producing countries include Brazil, China, and India. 1, 2 It is a vegetable oil obtained by pressing the seeds of the castor oil plant ( Ricinus communis L.) that is mainly cultivated in Africa, South America, and India. Castor oil has long been used commercially as a highly renewable resource for the chemical industry. ![]()
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